A 2200v,50 hz, three phase,6 pole,yb connected squirrel cage induction motor has following parameters. Induction machine designs still follow rules established several decades. The traction motor is a four pole dc series motor in which field winding is connected in series with armature. Desired output characteristicsc of electric motor drives in evs ev drives versus industrial drives in evs, only traction motor delivers torque to the driven wheels. In comparison with conventional design method of electric motors. Prototype core components of a traction motor were designed and built for installation in the casing of a general motors d77 traction motor from a gp38 locomotive to test and evaluate the technology capabilities.
Traction motors include both modular and frameless traction motors. Understanding motor nameplate information nema vs iec. How do traction motors work in electric locomotives. The total tractive effort tte is the sum of the forces calculated in steps 1, 2, and 3. Products for railway applications schaeffler group. The use of two drive systems for the traction of an electric vehicle introduces many control issues in the energetic, traction. If the motor operates below this altitude, it will run.
Drivers of hybrid electric vehicles hev and electric vehicles ev rely on automotive manufacturers to deliver a safe, reliable and comfortable driving experience. Brushless dc motor design for electric traction system. Propulsion system design and sizing of an electric vehicle. Edt applications for vehicle traction drive span a number of functions emphasis. Speed copper rotor induction motor for a traction application nicolas riviere, motor design ltd design of an electric machine for a 48 v mild hybrid vehicle alireza fatemi, general motors coffee session 4 hd electrification sam reitinger, harleydavidson product and process advancements for traction motor design using motorcad. When called upon to brake, the frequency applied to the stator is lowered below the mechanical speed, and what happens is explained as follows. The ipm ac brushless machines are synchronous motors with high poles the switched reluctance motor is a synchronous machine with high poles the reluctance synchronous motor is sort of in between, although it is a synchronous machine the pole number can be 4, 6 or 8 for traction. Traction motor characteristics for evs propulsion, the cage induction motor. How to start and control the speed of traction motors. It is logical that the least expensive, lowest maintenance type motor should be used most often. The metadyne control system is based on constant current system of speed control. Design and control of the induction motor propulsion of an.
Motor design ltd is delighted to announce the release of motor cad v12 the latest version of our unique software package dedicated to the electromechanical performance of motors and generators and the optimisation of their cooling. A single motor drives all the wheels on the truck or bogie, typically four wheels per motor. Electric vehicle and electric motor traction motor refers to a type of electric motor. Pdf brushless dc motor design for electric traction system. Design and integration of electric traction drive critical to oems it affects driving feel. The twoday event will bring together engineers and researchers working on emachine design to learn about technological developments, share best practice and discuss their. The main traction inverter, a critical component in the electrified drivetrain, influencing the driving experience, the battery range and the overall safety of the vehicle. Motors m 3 and m 4 are also connected in series and have three breaks l 3, l 4 and c. Liquid cooled permanentmagnet traction motor design. Enver ersen, talha hammad, ali mahad, osman syed supervisors. The described traction motor is induction, squirrel cage motor and it is water cooled. Indicate equipment lists, reactions and design information on layouts. On higher speed vehicles friction in drive components may warrant the addition of 10%15% to the total tractive.
Not only the application but also the control and the converter hardware set their own boundaries for the machine design. Twomotor, twoaxle traction system for full electric vehicle. Introduction the railway as a means of transport is a very old idea. Design package mechanical design complete thermal sensitivity analysis and model validation for concentrated winding motor with university of wisconsin fea and lumped parameter thermal analysis quick look at methods to enhance internal heat spreading gonogo for fy if motor cooling sensitivity analysis shows common areas. Once the motor is designed, its performance is evaluated. The core components of the prototype are approximately 14 of the weight and volume. Ideal torquespeed profile of traction motor drive for evhev. This paper deals with the design aspects of the traction motor for a tramcar. An interactive traction motors design and selection software. The modular design simplifies maintenance procedures for all parts. Due to the extra traction motor, the integrate traction system of hev becomes more complex than that of traditional vehicle. Motors m 1 and m 2 are connected in series and have three breaks l 1 and l 2 and d. Other websites deconstructing a traction motor associated rewinds ireland limited image of a nose mounted traction motor on an r46 new york city subway car. Understanding motor nameplate information nema vs iec standards course content.
Ac77 ac torque motor features mechanically compatible with the d77 motor, the a77 fits in same pedestal position in the locomotive truck bogie. This indicates the maximum height above sea level at which the motor will remain within its design temperature rise, meeting all other nameplate data. We are delighted to announce that motor design ltds inaugural european motorcad user conference will take place on the 20th21st february 2019, in birmingham, uk. Water cooled induction traction motor for 100 % low floor. Motorcad north america user conference motor design ltd. Multiphysics simulation key to superior traction motor performance for example, traction motors can be a major source of noise in electric vehicles. Due to rugged construction, less control complexity, higher power density, variable speed over a wide range and flexibility to select the rotor construction. Limits are set on the torque speed characteristics of series motor as t max and s max as per the design parameter. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable. Three phase induction motor as traction motor railelectrica. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa entitled rare earth alternatives in critical technologies for energy react. So the computed torque output generated by electromagnetics simulation is used in a structural mechanics solver for computing mechanical stresses, loads, deformations and vibration of the powertrain. Once a specific motor type and location is selected, there is a need to represent the properties of that particular type in a simulation program for.
When the motor is coupled to equipment, ensure that system vibrations are within acceptable limit per iso 108161 to avoid failure of the motor. By taking into account the service needs of a bogiemounted motor at the design stage and standardizing spare parts, the new traction motor can be partly serviced in the bogie helping to. By taking into account the service needs of a bogiemounted motor at the design stage and standardizing spare parts, the new traction motor can be partly serviced in the bogie helping to reduce operational downtime and. On the commutator side, opening has been provided for upper air inlets from mvmt and lower inspection cover. The detail design of a dual airgap type bldc motor for vehicle load having parameters given in table. Drive wheel motor torque calculations university of florida. The motor standards can be grouped into two major categories. Adding further to your knowledge, there are two types of motor with used in electric traction in india i. The use of two drive systems for the traction of an electric vehicle introduces many control issues in the energetic, traction and stability management of the vehicle. The traction motor is mounted outside of the bogie see fig. A traction motor is used to make rotation torque on a machine. Traction systems for locomotives and high speed applications.
Bldc motor is the permanent magnet synchronous motor designed to have a trapezoidal back emf. Frameless induction traction motors designed to ensure reliable operation and high torque output fully customizable motor concept to meet a broad range of requirements regarding e. Include motor horsepower, code letter, starting current, fullload running current, and demand factor for applicable motors. It is a forced ventilated machine arranged for axle mounting on sleeve bearing. Bridging contactors b 1 and b 2 have full line voltage of 1,500 v across them when the motors are in parallel and for this reason there are two breaks. Some authors in the literature have suugested the use spoke type bldc motor for traction applications 15. This is followed by detail design parameters computation and adjusting the equivalent circuit parameters to increase the range of constant power region to attain higher drive efficiency. Tesla made a significant change to its electric motor strategy with the introduction of the model 3, switching from an ac induction motor to a permanent magnet motor. In resistance control or series parallel control a great deal of energy is dissipated in the starting resistance and jerks are experienced when the controller of the starter moves from one position to another position.
Electric motor inverter bidirectional converter battery charger. The singlephase ac induction motor best fits this description. Tesla motor designer explains model 3s transition to. Eml2322l mae design and manufacturing laboratory drive wheel motor torque calculations. The goal of this design was to achieve maximum torque of. Use proper protective gear, care and procedures when handling, lifting, installing, operating and. Traction motors in diesel locomotives ee publishers. They are also used in electric vehicles, such as electric milk. The traction motor tao659 has the following main parts. Goal is to integrate traction drive components into one system for greatest cost efficiency. Abb is the expert for traction converters, motors, transformers, and complete traction chain solutions.
A traction motor is operated at frequency f 0,slip s 0 and delivering torque. Traction motors traction motors and generators abb. Icem2012, marseille france, session ss82, paper ff010235 abstractthis paper focuses on traction motor design in a variable speed drive of an electric mini bus, aiming to deliver high mean. The load torque in the motor referential is given by. Pdf design of a traction motor with twostep gearbox for. Some of the technical discussion is based on work that has been reported in a conference publication1.
Pdf new combination of an electrical machine and a twostep planetary gear for high torque traction applications is introduced. Parameter prediction and modelling methods for traction motor of. In north america, the national electric manufacturers association nema sets motor standards, including what should go on the nameplate nema standard mg 110. The purpose of the traction inverter is to convert the dc current from the electric vehicles battery to ac current to be used in the electric motor to. Calculate ithe time taken and energy dissipated in the motor during starting. Pdf on sep 1, 2016, dongmin kim and others published rareearthfree electric motor design for ev traction comparing overall vehicle. A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles electric multiple units and other electric vehicles including electric milk floats, elevators, roller coasters, conveyors, and trolleybuses, as well as vehicles with. Electric traction motor energy sources control strategy of the drive train with the following factors in mind the parallel drive train design is being carried out satisfying the gradeability, acceleration and maximum speed overall high efficient hybrid electric vehicle. On the commutator side, opening has been provided for upper air inlets from mvmt and lower inspection. At its beginnings, it was mainly utilised in the central european mines with diffe rent means of traction being applied. Each motor is tailormade to customer requirements and to the operation conditions of each train that it powers. This approach is critical for the x57 design because the cruise power system is located at the wingtips in order to achieve improved propulsive efficiency.
T max is fixed on the basis of short term thermal rating of the motor and adhesion available where s max depends on the mechanical design and the services the locomotive has to perform. Alternative motor technologies for traction drives of hybrid and. The motor can be clearly seen behind the axle with the gear box with the writing on it in the center. In deep and trustful partnerships with vehicle builders, refurbishers, and rail operators, we supply stateoftheart traction systems. Pdf design of a traction motor with twostep gearbox for high. An induction motor works as a generator if mechanical speed is more than the synchronous speed. Etraction motor design for an allelectric urban transport vehicle students. Review of characteristics of different types of dc and ac motors used traction and their suitability moduleiv 10 hours rating and heating of electric drives, power loss, heating and cooling of motors, classes and duty and selection of motors, drives for specific application like steel, paper, textile mills. The main traction inverter, a critical component in the electrified drivetrain, has a direct influence on the driving experience, the battery range and the overall safety of the vehicle. Pdf rareearthfree electric motor design for ev traction. A universal traction motor for heavyduty vehicles requires a high performance. Pdf brushless dc motor design for electric traction. The nissan leaf interior permanent magnet ipm traction machine has been widely analyzed and there is much public domain data available for the machine. Significance of rotor design extreme torque linear labs motor strategies involved, principle of operation chevy bolt, toyota evolution of electric drive system.
Optimal design of traction motor in railway propulsion system. At its beginnings, it was mainly utilised in the central european mines with. Traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles such as electric multiple units and electric locomotives. General requirement of traction motor drives wiley online library.
Section 4 gives details about the layout design of a 15kva rated current inverter power stage suitable to be used in the low and extra low voltage range. Transverse movement is limited by the flanges of axle suspension bearing. Analysis and design of universally applicable traction motor for. The motor has final steady state temperature rise of 500c while delivering its continuous rating of 25 kw i determine the load the motor can deliver for 15 minutes so that the temperature rise does not exceed 500c.
Traction motor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Motor design ltd is delighted to announce the release of motorcad v12 the latest version of our unique software package dedicated to the electromechanical performance of motors and generators and the optimisation of their cooling. As explain by aniruddha, traction motors work like any other electric motor. Threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. This project is to design, build and test a prototype locomotive traction motor based on a new electric machine technology defined as a permanent magnet direct current machine with reconfigurable winding control. Fag bearing types and designs for traction motors plasma spraying method j20b j20a j20aa 7 bearing arrangements for drive units traction motor bearing arrangements currentinsulated bearings for traction motors from european manufacturers the oxide ceramic is applied to the bearing surfaces using the plasma spraying method. Motors can be mounted in a number of different configurations. Pdf optimal design of traction motor in railway propulsion.
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